Space & Science

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A computer chip so powerful that it fuels today’s artificial intelligence is about to leave Earth. NVIDIA’s H100 GPU, used to train advanced AI models, will soon travel aboard a Starcloud satellite.Starcloud, a startup based in Redmond, Washington, wants to see if the world can move data centers into orbit. These centers power nearly everything online, from streaming to AI tools. Shifting them into space could help reduce pollution, save resources and speed up computing for everyone.Sign up for my FREE CyberGuy ReportGet my best tech tips, urgent security alerts and exclusive deals delivered straight to your inbox. Plus, you’ll get instant access to my Ultimate Scam Survival Guide – free when you join my CYBERGUY.COM newsletter.LIVING IN GIANT MOON GLASS SPHERES COULD BE OUR FUTURE Starcloud aims to build the first orbital data centers, cutting emissions and speeding up global computing. (Dean Mouhtaropoulos/Getty Images)Why space data centers matter for the futureEvery time you send a message, store a file in the cloud or use AI, large computers on Earth handle the work. These data centers use massive amounts of electricity and water to stay cool. They also release heat, noise and greenhouse gases that affect local communities.Space offers a different environment. Solar energy is abundant, and cooling happens naturally in the cold vacuum. “The only environmental cost is the launch,” said Starcloud CEO Philip Johnston. “After that, we could save ten times the carbon emissions compared with running data centers on Earth.”For a world searching for greener technology, that goal matters.How the NVIDIA GPU will work in orbitThe Starcloud-1 satellite, about the size of a small refrigerator, will carry NVIDIA’s H100 GPU. It is nearly one hundred times more powerful than any chip ever sent into orbit.Once in space, the GPU will process huge amounts of satellite data. It will study images of Earth to identify wildfires, track crops and monitor weather. Normally, satellites send this data back to Earth for processing, which can cause long delays. Doing the analysis in orbit allows faster results and better decisions on the ground.The mission will also test Google’s Gemma language model in orbit. It will be the first time a large AI model operates in space.THE NEW ARMS RACE IS FOR COMPUTE — AND AMERICA CAN’T AFFORD TO FALL BEHIND By processing satellite data in orbit, Starcloud hopes to make Earth monitoring faster and more efficient. (Dean Mouhtaropoulos/Getty Images)Starcloud plans to build space data centersStarcloud hopes this is only the beginning. The company plans to build larger data centers in space powered by sunlight and cooled by the natural chill of orbit. Future systems will include the next generation of NVIDIA GPUs called Blackwell, which promise even higher performance.Starcloud’s long-term goal is to create a five-gigawatt orbital data center about 2.5 miles wide (around 13,000 feet across). It could handle massive AI workloads while cutting costs and carbon emissions. As launch prices continue to fall, building data centers beyond Earth could soon become practical.Johnston believes that by the 2030s, many new data centers will operate in orbit instead of on land.What this space mission means for youIf this works, the technology that powers your apps, games and AI tools might soon be running in space. This change could make cloud services faster, more efficient and less harmful to the planet.Space-based data centers could also speed up disaster response, improve weather forecasts and save millions of gallons of water every year. The idea shows that innovation and sustainability can grow together.Take my quiz: How safe is your online security?Think your devices and data are truly protected? Take this quick quiz to see where your digital habits stand. From passwords to Wi-Fi settings, you’ll get a personalized breakdown of what you’re doing right and what needs improvement. Take my Quiz here: Cyberguy.com.RAPID RISE OF AI PUTS NEW URGENCY ON CONGRESS TO UNLEASH AMERICAN ENERGY NVIDIA’s powerful H100 GPU is heading to space aboard Starcloud-1 to test AI data processing in orbit. (Kent Nishimura/Bloomberg via Getty Images)Kurt’s key takeawaysSending an NVIDIA GPU into orbit shows how quickly technology is changing. The mission combines curiosity, innovation and a genuine push to make computing cleaner and faster. As space becomes more reachable, the idea of data centers floating above Earth feels less like fiction and more like something that could actually happen. Each of these missions could teach us a little more about how to build a sustainable digital future.How do you feel about the idea of data centers operating in space? Is it exciting, risky or both?  Let us know by writing to us at Cyberguy.com.CLICK HERE TO DOWNLOAD THE FOX NEWS APPSign up for my FREE CyberGuy ReportGet my best tech tips, urgent security alerts and exclusive deals delivered straight to your inbox. Plus, you’ll get instant access to my Ultimate Scam Survival Guide – free when you join my CYBERGUY.COM newsletter Copyright 2025 CyberGuy.com.  All rights reserved.

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Microsoft’s blog recently gave a firm warning: unsupported systems aren’t just outdated, they’re unprotected. That message targets anyone still using Windows 10, and it’s serious. In Microsoft’s Digital Defense Report, over 90% of ransomware attacks hit unsupported PCs. That statistic alone should make every Windows 10 user think twice.When an operating system stops receiving updates, it becomes an open door for hackers. Security patches dry up, and vulnerabilities grow. So while your computer might seem fine today, it could already be compromised without your knowledge.Sign up for my FREE CyberGuy ReportGet my best tech tips, urgent security alerts and exclusive deals delivered straight to your inbox. Plus, you’ll get instant access to my Ultimate Scam Survival Guide — free when you join my CYBERGUY.COM newsletter10 WAYS TO SECURE YOUR OLDER MAC FROM THREATS AND MALWAREWhy are unsupported systems dangerousUnsupported Windows 10 systems no longer get the updates that keep you safe. Without those patches, ransomware and malware have easy access to your files. Once inside, attackers can encrypt your personal data or steal credentials and banking details.It’s not just about losing files. Identity theft and financial fraud often start with outdated systems. The older the software, the easier it is for cybercriminals to exploit weaknesses that will never be fixed.The “just one more year” trapMany people tell themselves they’ll upgrade later. Microsoft calls this “just one more year” thinking. The problem is that every delay increases your risk. Extended security updates only offer limited coverage, and they don’t stop new types of attacks.Without Microsoft’s regular monitoring, new vulnerabilities stay hidden. You could be using your computer for months while attackers quietly collect your data. That’s a frightening thought, especially when most of it can be prevented by upgrading. Upgrading to Windows 11 keeps your system protected with ongoing security updates. (Microsoft)MICROSOFT SOUNDS ALARM AS HACKERS TURN TEAMS PLATFORM INTO ‘REAL-WORLD DANGERS’ FOR USERSThe hidden costs of waiting to upgrade to Windows 11It’s easy to think upgrading costs too much. But what about the cost of losing your photos, business files, or financial information? Data recovery, fraud resolution and downtime can cost far more than a new device.Hackers know users delay updates, and they actively look for outdated systems. Even one unsupported device in a home or office network can create a weak spot that exposes everything else.How to stay safe from unsupported Windows 10 security risksYou can protect yourself right now with a few smart steps. These actions reduce your exposure, tighten your online defenses and prepare you for a smooth upgrade to Windows 11. The good news is that most of these changes only take a few minutes, but make a major difference in your security.1) Upgrade your system to Windows 11HACKERS FOUND A WAY TO TURN OFF WINDOWS DEFENDER REMOTELYStart by checking if your PC can handle Windows 11. Most modern AMD and Intel processors already meet the system requirements. Upgrading keeps your computer protected with ongoing updates that patch vulnerabilities and improve overall performance. It’s one of the simplest ways to defend against ransomware and malware before they strike.2) Watch out for phishing scams and install strong antivirus softwareBe cautious with every link and attachment you receive. Cybercriminals love sending fake update notifications that look like official Microsoft messages. These phishing scams often contain malicious links that install malware in seconds. Before you click, hover over links to verify their source and only download updates directly from Microsoft’s official site. To add an extra layer of protection, install strong antivirus software that can detect and block malicious files before they infect your system.The best way to safeguard yourself from malicious links that install malware, potentially accessing your private information, is to have strong antivirus software installed on all your devices. This protection can also alert you to phishing emails and ransomware scams, keeping your personal information and digital assets safe. Delaying your Windows 11 upgrade only gives cybercriminals more time to strike. (Photographer: Chona Kasinger/Bloomberg via Getty Images)Get my picks for the best 2025 antivirus protection winners for your Windows, Mac, Android and iOS devices at Cyberguy.com.3) Use a data removal serviceHOW A SINGLE MACBOOK COMPROMISE SPREAD ACROSS A USER’S APPLE DEVICESUse a personal data removal service to take your information off people-search and data broker websites. These services help remove your name, address, phone number and other personal details that scammers often use for phishing or social-engineering attacks. By limiting what’s publicly available about you, you make it much harder for cybercriminals to target you, especially if your older, unsupported Windows 10 system is ever exposed online.While no service can guarantee the complete removal of your data from the internet, a data removal service is really a smart choice. They aren’t cheap, and neither is your privacy. These services do all the work for you by actively monitoring and systematically erasing your personal information from hundreds of websites. It’s what gives me peace of mind and has proven to be the most effective way to erase your personal data from the internet. By limiting the information available, you reduce the risk of scammers cross-referencing data from breaches with information they might find on the dark web, making it harder for them to target you.Check out my top picks for data removal services and get a free scan to find out if your personal information is already out on the web by visiting Cyberguy.comGet a free scan to find out if your personal information is already out on the web: Cyberguy.com4) Secure your loginsStrong logins make a huge difference. Turn on two-factor authentication (2FA) for your most sensitive accounts, such as banking and email. Also, create strong passwords for your accounts and devices, and avoid using the same password for multiple online accounts. Consider using a password manager, which securely stores and generates complex passwords, reducing the risk of password reuse. This extra layer stops hackers, even if they manage to steal a password.WINDOWS 10 SUPPORT ENDS: UPGRADE TO WINDOWS 11 SAFELYNext, see if your email has been exposed in past breaches. Our #1 password manager (see Cyberguy.com) pick includes a built-in breach scanner that checks whether your email address or passwords have appeared in known leaks. If you discover a match, immediately change any reused passwords and secure those accounts with new, unique credentials. Without Windows updates, hidden vulnerabilities give hackers easy access to your data. (Felix Zahn/Photothek via Getty Images)Check out the best expert-reviewed password managers of 2025 at Cyberguy.com5) Back up your data regularlyThink of backups as your safety net. Save copies of important files to an external hard drive or a trusted cloud service. Schedule automatic backups so you don’t have to remember to do it yourself. If your PC ever gets locked by ransomware, a clean backup means you can restore everything without paying a cent.6) Stay informed and proactiveCyber threats evolve every day, and knowledge is your best defense. Keep an eye on official Microsoft announcements and alerts. Small changes, like applying updates quickly and revisiting your privacy settings, can keep you a step ahead of attackers.CLICK HERE TO DOWNLOAD THE FOX NEWS APPKurt’s key takeawaysUnsupported systems might look harmless, but they create silent risks that grow over time. Every day you stay on Windows 10 after support ends, you depend on luck instead of protection. Upgrading isn’t just about staying current; it’s about keeping your data safe and your privacy intact.Is holding on to Windows 10 worth risking everything stored on your computer? Let us know by writing to us at Cyberguy.com.Sign up for my FREE CyberGuy ReportGet my best tech tips, urgent security alerts and exclusive deals delivered straight to your inbox. Plus, you’ll get instant access to my Ultimate Scam Survival Guide — free when you join my CYBERGUY.COM newsletter.Copyright 2025 CyberGuy.com. All rights reserved.

“Other authors point out that symbolic and utilitarian functions are intimately linked among traditional populations,” wrote D’Errico and his colleagues, “and that, as a result, it would have been difficult for a systematic use of ocher powders to exist over a long period of time without a symbolic dimension being rather quickly attached to it.”
Tens of thousands of years later, without direct evidence, all we can do is speculate. Which, to be fair, is tremendously interesting as long as it comes with the right caveats and understanding of its limitations. But there are a growing number of places and times where we do have direct evidence that Neanderthals were using color to signal something meaningful to each other, even if we don’t know whether the meaning was “Og is the deputy chief of all the people east of the river,” “Zogg belongs to the people who live in this valley, not that one,” or “Grogg really likes yellow.”
As D’Errico and his colleagues point out, that meaning probably varied from place to place, just as it does today. In most of Europe, white is the traditional color for a wedding, but in China, white is for funerals. Millennial gray is in its heyday in the US (send help), but elsewhere in the world, brighter colors are in vogue. And in some parts of Eurasia, Neanderthals seemed to prefer manganese-based black pigments, while elsewhere (like Crimea), reds and yellows were all the rage.
“This variability suggests different cultural trajectories, possibly involving community-level traditions, long-distance exchanges, or local innovation,” wrote D’Errico and his colleagues.
The real takeaway here is twofold: First, evidence continues to pile up that Neanderthals were just as smart, innovative, and creative as our species, and they’d developed their own nuanced culture and sophisticated tools long before the first Homo sapiens ventured into Eurasia. And second, the impulse to make art is rooted deep in our family tree.
Science Advances, 2025.  DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adx4722  (About DOIs).

The recent Starship delays, coupled with the scope of work to go, have raised concerns that the Artemis program is falling behind China’s initiative to land its own astronauts on the Moon. China’s goal is to do it by 2030, a schedule reiterated in Chinese state media this week. The Chinese program relies on an architecture more closely resembling NASA’s old Apollo designs.
The official schedule for the first Artemis crew landing, on Artemis III, puts it in 2027, but that timeline is no longer achievable. Starship and new lunar spacesuits developed by Axiom Space won’t be ready, in part because NASA didn’t award the contracts to SpaceX and Axiom until 2021 and 2022.
All of this adds up to waning odds that the United States can beat China back to the Moon, according to a growing chorus of voices in the space community. Last month, former NASA chief Jim Bridenstine, who led the agency during the first Trump administration, told Congress the United States was likely to lose the second lunar space race.
At a space conference earlier this week, Bridenstine suggested the Trump administration use its powers to fast-track a lunar landing, even floating the idea of invoking the Defense Production Act, a law that grants the president authority to marshal industrial might to meet pressing national needs.
An executive order from President Donald Trump could authorize such an effort and declare a “national security imperative that we’re going to beat China to the Moon,” Bridenstine said at the American Astronautical Society’s von Braun Space Exploration Symposium in Huntsville, Alabama.
Charlie Bolden, NASA’s administrator under former President Barack Obama, also expressed doubts that NASA could land humans on the Moon before China, or by the end of Trump’s term in the White House. “Let’s be real, OK? Everybody in this room knows, to say we’re going to do it by the end of the term, or we’re going to do it before the Chinese, that doesn’t help industry.”

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Nike has taken a bold step into the future with Project Amplify, the world’s first motor-powered footwear system made for people who love to move. Created with robotics partner Dephy, the design combines a carbon-plated running shoe with a motorized cuff and drive belt that add a gentle push to every stride.Unlike performance tech built for pros, Project Amplify is designed for everyday movers such as runners, walkers and commuters. It helps anyone who wants to go a little faster and a little farther with less effort. Think of it like the running world’s version of an e-bike. It makes movement simpler, smoother and more fun for everyone.Sign up for my FREE CyberGuy ReportGet my best tech tips, urgent security alerts and exclusive deals delivered straight to your inbox. Plus, you’ll get instant access to my Ultimate Scam Survival Guide — free when you join my CYBERGUY.COM newsletter.SKECHERS’ AIRTAG SHOES LET YOU TRACK YOUR KIDS’ STEPSHow Project Amplify worksAt the center of Project Amplify is a small but powerful motor. It connects to a rechargeable cuff that wraps comfortably around your calf. The cuff links to a carbon plate inside the shoe. Together, they provide natural assistance with each step. Nike’s Project Amplify pairs sleek design with advanced robotics to help every step feel lighter and smoother. (Nike)Testing in the Nike Sport Research Lab has been extensive. More than 400 athletes have taken over 2.4 million steps during trials. According to testers, the system makes uphill running feel like flat ground. Some even said it helped them go from a 12-minute mile to a 10-minute mile with less effort.NIKE IS NOW ON AMAZON: SHOP WALKING SHOES, JOGGERS, SOCKS AND SHORTS TODAYBecause of this, Nike says Project Amplify isn’t about competition. The company’s focus is on making movement easier and more approachable for a wider range of people. Whether someone is new to running or wants to fit more walking into daily life, the technology is designed to offer gentle support without taking over the effort.Innovation made accessibleNike’s VP of Emerging Sport and Innovation Michael Donaghu described the idea behind Project Amplify as this, “What if we could help athletes move faster and farther with less energy and a lot more fun?”HUMANOID ROBOT TURNS HEADS AT NYC SNEAKER STOREThat question inspired years of research and collaboration between Nike and Dephy. Together, they combined robotics, biomechanics and motion algorithms to create a powered shoe that feels natural to wear.Like e-bikes transformed cycling, Project Amplify could do the same for running and walking. It aims to help people stay active more often and enjoy movement in new ways. Through this approach, Nike is showing how innovation can make fitness more accessible to everyone. Early testing shows the powered cuff and drive system give runners steady support on every stride. (Nike)What this means for youAFFORDABLE 3D-PRINTED BIONIC ARM USES MUSCLE SIGNALS TO MOVEImagine finishing a run with energy to spare. Picture walking an extra mile without feeling tired. Project Amplify makes that possible. Its gentle mechanical assist feels like an extra set of calf muscles that supports your natural stride.For casual runners, this means more miles with less strain. For commuters, it could make daily travel faster and more efficient. Overall, it gives you the power to enjoy movement again. The goal is not to do less. The goal is to get more from every step.Take my quiz: How safe is your online security?NEW EXOSKELETON BUILT TO BOOST ENDURANCE AND CUT FATIGUEThink your devices and data are truly protected? Take this quick quiz to see where your digital habits stand. From passwords to Wi-Fi settings, you’ll get a personalized breakdown of what you’re doing right and what needs improvement. Take my Quiz here: Cyberguy.comKurt’s key takeawaysWith Project Amplify, Nike is blending art, science and sport to change how movement feels. This new technology aims to enhance natural motion rather than replace it. As testing moves forward, one thing is clear: Project Amplify could completely change how we think about running, walking and human performance. As Nike refines Project Amplify, the focus remains on making movement easier, more natural, and more enjoyable for everyone. (iStock)CLICK HERE TO DOWNLOAD THE FOX NEWS APPIf powered shoes could make running and walking easier, would you try them or stick with pure muscle power? Let us know by writing to us at Cyberguy.com.Sign up for my FREE CyberGuy ReportGet my best tech tips, urgent security alerts and exclusive deals delivered straight to your inbox. Plus, you’ll get instant access to my Ultimate Scam Survival Guide — free when you join my CYBERGUY.COM newsletter.Copyright 2025 CyberGuy.com. All rights reserved.

What began with tragedy ended in triumph. This is the untold story of the European Space Agency’s pioneering 25-year Cluster mission to study how invisible solar storms impact Earth’s environment.Like a ship in a never-ending storm, Earth is bombarded by swarms of particles ejected from the Sun at supersonic speeds. Most of these solar wind particles are deflected by the magnetosphere and sail harmlessly by, but Earth’s shield is not bulletproof.Since 2000, Cluster sailed the seas of the Sun and revealed the complexities of the Sun–Earth connection. After two-and-a-half incredibly successful decades in space, ESA took the decision to safely deorbit the four Cluster satellites throughout 2024–2026. The mission officially ended on 8 September 2024.But a space mission is so much more than science. Experience Cluster’s story as told by the people who lived it: scientists and engineers Arnoud Masson, C. Philippe Escoubet, Gill Watson, Gunther Lautenschläger, Lean-Nani Alconcel, Bruno Sousa, Paulo Ferri, Patrick W. Daly, Mandred Warhaut, Silvia Sanvido and Jolene S. Pickett.The film was produced by Space Rocks for the European Space Agency. It features an original soundtrack by Karlotta Skagfield and additional music by Bruce Dickinson.See the film posterListen to the podcast series about the filmMore information about the film from Space Rocks

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To celebrate Halloween, we bring you these spooky sights of Lake Carnegie in Australia, captured from space by Copernicus Sentinel-2.Lake Carnegie lies at the southwestern border of the Gibson Desert in the Shire of Wiluna in Western Australia, about 900 km northeast of the state capital, Perth.Being a large ephemeral lake, Carnegie fills with water only after heavy rains, that are usually rare in the region. When full, its total area is around 5700 sq km, making it one of Australia’s biggest lakes. In dry times, it shrinks down to a muddy marsh. These images were captured after unusually high rainfall in Western Australia, making the lake’s ghostly ‘face’ easily seen from space.The ghostly connotations don’t end there, as Lake Carnegie was observed through different spectral bands by Copernicus Sentinel-2’s multispectral imager. The image on the left shows the lake in natural colours, as the human eye would see it, while the false-colour image on the right has been processed using three specific spectral bands to create the sinister-looking effect.This band combination highlights water in deep blue, which makes the lake outlines more distinct and can be used to detect inundation patterns in the area. In particular, at its southeastern end, the lake gives way to swamps and channels that can be more clearly distinguished in false colour rather than in the natural-colour image.While only about a dozen people are reported to live around Lake Carnegie, the lake provides an important habitat and breeding areas for large flocks of birds. It is also believed to be home to the elusive and critically endangered night parrot, which was thought to be extinct for 100 years.The whole area is part of the Matuwa Kurrara Kurrara National Park and Lake Carnegie nature reserve, which aims to protect the area’s important biodiversity and the Aboriginal cultural heritage.

Casting a swirling shadow, a glowing candle flame sways eerily before flaring up once more. As ghostly as it looks, this flame dance is not the result of any force – paranormal or otherwise – but rather the lack of one: gravity.This short clip captures a scientific experiment that took place during the European Space Agency’s parabolic flight campaign in September, showing what happens to a candle flame when gravity is taken out of the equation.Parabolic flights are a way of temporarily creating a microgravity environment without venturing so far from Earth. The ‘Zero-G’ plane follows a curved trajectory called a parabola – first climbing steeply to gain altitude, before reaching the top of the parabola and falling back down.During the controlled fall, all passengers on board – both humans and experiments – experience about 22 seconds of microgravity, similar to the sensation you get at the top of a rollercoaster. And then it all repeats.Each parabola takes about one minute to complete and is repeated 31 times in one flight, providing about ten minutes of microgravity in total.This candle flame experiment was one of the many scientific experiments hosted on ESA’s 87th parabolic flight campaign that took place this September in Bordeaux, France.During 93 parabolas spread over three flights, candles made from different waxes and with various wicks were lit, placed in a sealed box, and closely observed by the experiment operators.Three types of cameras captured what happened inside the box – a conventional visual camera recorded the flame, a set of infrared cameras unveiled the heat radiating from it, and a shadowgraphy camera tracked changes to the surrounding air. This animation snippet reveals what happened to the flame during the few seconds of microgravity, showing the flame on the right and its shadow on the left.Author of the experiment, Jack van Loon of ESA’s Life Support and Physical Sciences Laboratory, explains: “We have all seen a candle burning at some point in our lives, but few of us stop to think about how it works.“Many forces are involved in something seemingly so simple. Convection forces are creating an air circulation pattern which gives the flame its characteristic droplet shape; capillary forces are pulling the molten wax up the candle’s wick, competing with the force of gravity.“We wanted to create a model where gravity plays a role, and to which people can relate. A candle is a perfect example.”“It all started in 2017, when ESA’s Large Diameter Centrifuge (LDC) turned ten years old,” Jack recounts. “Everybody knows that when there’s a birthday, there are candles. So, to celebrate the LDC’s first decade in operation, we decided to set up a little experiment – lighting birthday candles in the centrifuge’s gondolas, and spinning them at 20 g, until the hypergravity force extinguished them.”“Now, the idea is to explore what happens to a candle flame across the entire gravity range that we are able to access or simulate at ESA – from microgravity to hypergravity.”